These visual distortions are sometimes classified as "Alice in Wonderland-like syndrome" instead of true Alice in Wonderland syndrome, but are often still classified as Alice in Wonderland syndrome by health professionals and researchers, since the distinction is not official. Macropsia is a condition where the individual sees everything larger than it actually is.
Micropsia is an abnormal visual condition, usually occurring in the context of visual hallucination, in which the affected person sees objects as being smaller than they are in reality. Within the category of Lilliputian hallucinations, people may experience either micropsia or macropsia. People with certain neurological diseases have also experienced similar visual hallucinations. These changes in perception are collectively known as metamorphopsias, or Lilliputian hallucinations, which refers to objects appearing either smaller or larger than reality. Individuals with Alice in Wonderland syndrome can experience illusions of expansion, reduction or distortion of their own body image, such as microsomatognosia (feeling that their own body or body parts are shrinking), or macrosomatognosia (feeling that their body or body parts are growing taller or larger). Episodes typically last from a few minutes to an hour, and each episode may vary in experience. Alice in Wonderland syndrome episodes vary in length from person to person. Alice in Wonderland syndrome is characterized by the individual being able to recognize the distortion in the perception of their own body and is episodic in nature. Alice in Wonderland syndrome is often associated with distortion of sensory perception, which involves visual, somatosensory, and non-visual symptoms. Less frequent symptoms also include loss of limb control and coordination, memory loss, lingering touch and sound sensations, and emotional instability. Migraines, nausea, dizziness, and agitation are also commonly associated symptoms with Alice in Wonderland syndrome. With over 60 associated symptoms, Alice in Wonderland syndrome affects the sense of vision, sensation, touch, and hearing, as well as the perception of one's own body image. Though not agreed upon in literature, some authors classify only symptoms involving changes in perception of a person's own body image as true Alice in Wonderland syndrome, and instead use the term "Alice in Wonderland-like syndrome" to classify any symptoms involving changes in perception of vision, time, hearing, touch or other extra-personnel perceptions. 3.4 Genetic and environmental influence.Īlthough there are cases of Alice in Wonderland syndrome in both adolescents and adults, it is most commonly seen in children. It is also theorized that it can be caused by abnormal amounts of electrical activity, resulting in abnormal blood flow in those parts of the brain which process visual perception and texture. The cause of Alice in Wonderland syndrome is currently unknown, but it has often been associated with migraines, head trauma, or viral encephalitis caused by Epstein–Barr virus infection. Distortion may also occur for senses other than vision. People may experience distortions in visual perception of objects such as appearing smaller ( micropsia) or larger ( macropsia), or appearing to be closer ( pelopsia) or farther ( teleopsia) away than they actually are. Īlice in Wonderland syndrome ( AIWS), also known as Todd's syndrome or dysmetropsia, is a neuropsychological condition that causes a distortion of perception. Metamorphopsia - Altered perception of shape Įach symptom is separate and will only occur for a 20-to-50-minute period of time.
Teleopsia - Objects are perceived much further away than they actually are.Pelopsia - Objects are perceived nearer than they actually are.Micropsia - Objects are perceived smaller than their actual size.Macropsia - Objects are perceived larger than their actual size.From Lewis Carroll's 1865 novel Alice's Adventures in Wonderland The perception a person can have due to micropsia, a potential symptom of dysmetropsia. Todd's syndrome, Lilliputian hallucinations, dysmetropsia Medical condition Alice in Wonderland syndrome
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